Film projector with motor-driven film feeding mechanism



INVENTORS llll \92- V. E. PRATT ETAL FILM PROJECTOR WITH MOTOR DRIVENFILM FEEDING MECHANISM Aug. 14, 1951 Filed Dec. 26, 1946 VERA/EUR E.PRATT GEORGE E GRAY ATTORNE VS Aug. 14, 1951 v, PRATT ETAL 2,564,274

FILM PROJECTOR WITH MOTOR DRIVEN FILM FEEDING MECHANISM Filed D60. 26,1946 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS l/ERNEUR E. PRATT GEORGE E GRAY y ia A TTORNE VS Aug. 14, 1951 v. E. PRATT ETAL FILM PROJECTOR WITH MOTOR DRIVENFILM FEEDING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 26, 1946 INVHVTORS lERNEUR E. PRATT GEORGE F. GRAY BY 11% QM ATTORNEYS Aug. 14, 1951 v. E.PRATT EI'AL FILM PROJECTOR WITH MOTOR DRIVEN FILM FEEDING MECHANISM -8Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 26, 1946 l I! INVENTORS l/ERNEUR E. PRATTGEORGE E GRAY A TTORNF V Aug. 14, 1951 v. E. PRATT ET AL FILM PROJECTORWITH MOTOR DRIVEN FILM FEEDING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 26,1946 INVENTORS VERA/EUR E. PRATT GEORGE F. GRAY A T TORNE Y5 8Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Dec. 26, 1946 IN VE N TORS I/ERNEUR E. PRATT GEORGEF. GRAY ATTORNEYS Aug. 14, 1951 v. E. PRATT ETAL FILM PROJECTOR WITHMOTOR DRIVEN FILM FEEDING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Dec. 26,1946 INVENTORS l ERNEUR E. PRATT GEORGE F. GRAY QT/W A T TORNEVS 8Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Dec. 26, 1946 FRONT REAR TAKE UP MOTORS TRAVERSEMOTORS LE FT LAMP LEFT R T ON IELZW @214 fi & m 9 w MN 5 ma num m R R mmc 5 I 1 1 W S R N L O T T U s H s U H P Q m 34 E G55 L L? m R w m T P .m12.351952 m m I S m p w m b g m w S T mm T Y R R m m Jww 6 .7 M A RF UEE6 2 mm 1 EE O w 4. 7

Y M .m B l w 0 0 w W 6 Patented Aug. 14, 1951 FILM PROJECTOR WITHMOTOR-DRIVEN FILM FEEDING MECHANISM Verneur E. Pratt and George F. Gray,

Norwalk, Comm.

6, 1946, Serial No. 718,378

- i mlication December 2 23 Claims. (on. 88-241) 1 This inventionrelates to improvements in projectors and is directed more particularlyto the provision of a reading machine for microfilm or the like(hereinafter termed a Reader") including means for producing enlargedprints of any desired frame.

The present application discloses an improved v form of reader embodyingsome of the features disclosed in the copending applications forpatents:

Serial Number 539,740-filed June 10, 1944, now p nt No. ,412, datedDecember 10, 1946.

Serial Number 581,354-filed March 7, 1945. Serial Number 700,924-filedOctober 3, 1946. now patent No. 2,493,998, dated January 10, 1950, whichwill be referred to more in detail hereafter.

An object of the invention is the provision of a reader having a pair ofmotors for driving the film feeding means, as disclosed in theapplication Serial Number 539,740 aforesaid, in combination with anotherpair of motors driving reeling means, whereby the film moved across theoptical path of the lens by said feeding means may be wound and unwoundon reels that are driven independently of the film feed.

Another object is the provision of a reader as disclosed in theapplication Serial Number 581,354, wherein the film gate or pressureplate is mounted in an improved-manner.

Other objects are the provision of a reader as disclosed in theaforesaid applications Serial Number 581,354 and Serial Number 700,924,wherein the turret plate has an improved mounting; wherein an improvedlens mounting is employed; and, where tensioning devices are providedbetween the feeding means and the reeling means to insure uniformtension on the film supported on the pressure plate.

Further objects are the provision of a reader wherein the turret plateis provided with a terminal rack on which all circuits to the apparatuscarried by the plate terminate, and to which rack a cable is connectedhaving conductors connecting to the apparatus located in the cabinet ofthe device. This makes possible the separate testing and assembly of theturret and the cabinet and the quick connection of same.

Yet another object is the provision of a reader having an auxiliarypressure plate which is easily substituted for the standard plateordinarily used, said auxiliary plate carrying means for determining thelength of a film run through the reader and therefor affording an indexby means of which any particular image on the film may be quicklylocated.

of the foregoing objects are more fully 2 hereinafter referred totogether with other obiects and advantages in connection with thefollowing description of a preferred embodiment of the device by way ofillustrating the invention. It will be understood, however, that manyvariations in the described construction can be made without, however,departing from the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a reading machine embodying theinvention;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the reader on the line 2, 2Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a modified form of thereader shown in Figures 1 and 2; I

Figure 4 is a view looking down on the turret of the reader shown in thepreceding fi es with some of the parts removed;

Figure 5 is a view partly in section of the turret on the line 5, 5 ofFigure 4;

Figure 6 is a sectional view on the line 6, 8 of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a top view, partly in section, of the reader shown in thepreceding figures;

Figure 8 is a sectional view on the line 8, 8 of Figure 4;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the turret of the reader shown in thepreceding figures;

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view of a film indexing attachment for thereader;

Figure 11 is a sectional view on the line II, II oi Figure 10;

Figure 12 is a diagram of the screen used with the reader when the filmindexing means shown in Figures 10 and 11 is employed; and

Figure 13 is a circuit diagram of the reader shown in the precedingfigures.

Referring to Figure 1, the numeral l0 denotes a casing forming acabinet, the front portion II of which is indented or recessed tosupport the viewing screen II. The screen is removably positioned in thecasing in anysuitable manner, such as by springs l3, l4, Figure 2,engaging the top and bottom edges of the screen. By pressing downward onthe outwardly extending end of spring I, the spring is released from thedimple 15 in the upper edge portion iii of the cabinet, and. the screenmay be lifted out of the front wall opening therein.

The lower front portion ll of the cabinet may be a formed member thatextends forwardly below the screen between the side portions 26 of thecabinet, and mounted therein within convenient reach of the user are thecontrol switches l8, I9, 20, 2|, 22a, and resistor knobs 22, 23, to bepresently described.

from the rear.

The front portion H of the cabinet has a transverse back plate 24secured thereto and to the base plate 25 of the cabinet, whereby l! isstiffened to form a rigid support for screen i2 and may be secured tothe base plate 25 by screws 24a. The arrangement just described formounting the control switches and resistors permits them to be mountedwithin and between the outwardly extending vertical side portions 26 ofthe cabinet, so that the handles of these devices do not project beyondthe plane of the front of the cabinet. The plate 24 may have a cut-outportion to permit access therethrough to the control devices and theterminal rack 38, therefor, to be presently described.

A first surface mirror 21 is carried on a framework 28, mounted onscrews 29, secured to the base plate 25. By adjusting the locking nuts30 between which the framework 28 is secured, the face of the mirror 21may be adjusted at various angles to the horizontal in a manner thatwill be obvious.

A double faced surface mirror 3i is pivoted at its lower end 32 to thebase plate 25 and is supported by two side arms 33 pivoted to the baseplate at 34. The arms are slotted as shown at 35, and by means of thenuts 36 and lugs 31 secured to the mirror 3i, the latter can be adjustedto the positions referred to in connection with the description ofFigure 3 hereinafter given. 1;

The upper edge N5 of the cabinet is turned inwardly all around the upperedge of the cabinet to form a circular opening 39 in the top thereof.Surrounding this opening and secured to the inturned edges 40 thereof isa member 4| forming a circular track for the turret plate generallydenoted by the numeral 42.

The track 4! is of inverted V-section as shown, and the turret plate 42is supported thereon by a three point mounting comprised of the steelinserts 43, 44, 45, spaced 120 apart and having their lower ends groovedas shown at 46, Figure 5, to fit the track 4 l The turret plate 42 iprevented from rising up off the track M by the shouldered screws 41,the heads of which fit under the track 4| as best seen in Figure 2. Thisarrangement permits the turret to be easily and smoothly revolved on thetrack while held in working position thereon without lateral motion ormotion parallel to its axis.

Referring to Figure '7, the top wall 48 of the cabinet is broken away at49 to show the lower left hand corner of the reader, looking at same Inthis corner is located a socket 58 to receive the usual plug forattaching the reader to the current supply. This socket can be locatedat any convenient place in the reader cabinet and is connected to thecontrols, lamp,

motors, etc., as explained in connection with the circuit diagram Figure13 hereof.

The socket may be of the usual three conductor variety and is providedwith a grounding connection Si in metallic connection with the metal-:lic casing of the reader. which connection is carried through theconnecting plug 52 to G, Figure 13, wherein 53, 5,4 are the plugconductors connecting to the current supply.

A cable 55 is secured along the bottom of cabinet III on a side thereof,as shown in Figure '7, and one end of this cable terminates in the lowerfront I! of the cabinet, and the conductors of the cable connect to rack38 therein and to switches 28, 2!, 22a, and the resistors controlled byknobs 22, 23.

The cable extends to the rear of the cabinet and has conductors 5iaconnecting to socket 58. The cable now extends upwardly in the rear leftcorner of the cabinet (looking at same from the rear), and then extendsacross the cabinet in the upper portion thereof as shown at 56, Figure2. The upper end thereof terminates on the terminal rack 51 secured tothe bottom of turret plate 42.

A spring 58 is secured to the bight of the cable 55 to prevent the slackof same from falling downward toward mirror 3| as the turret is moved.

The pushbuttons i8, i9 are mounted in any suitable manner so they can bewithdrawn from the front ll of the cabinet and are provided withflexible conductors, or a five conductor cord 58, which connects to theterminal rack 38.

When the buttons are in place in the cabinet, as shown in Figures 1 and2, the cord 59 may lie within the lower front of the cabinet at l1, andthe user manipulates the buttons while sitting upright before thereader. However, should the user wish to lean back and assume a relaxedposition in front of the reader, or even lie down while using same, hecan do so by withdrawing the buttons from the casing and manipulatingthem while held in the hand, this arrangement effecting whatmay betermed a remote control for the reader. If desired, the cord 59 may bewound up by any suitable spring tension reel device (not shown) aridlocated within the cabinet.

The buttons I8, I! may be mounted on a plate 50 which snaps into asuitable opening or depression in the top edge of the lower front ll ofthe cabinet.

The turret head will now be described. The turret plate 42 carries alamp house 8|, supported thereon in any suitable manner, said platehaving an opening 82 therethrough over which is placed a mounting plate63 carrying a chimney 64 for the lamp 65. The chimney is apertured at 86to receive a reflector 61 for the lamp. The chimney is also apertured at68 to permit egress of light from the lamp.

Lens mounting blocks 69, 10 are mounted in a casing H having flanges l2slotted as shown at' 13 whereby the casing and lens block may be mountedon plate 42 and adjusted horizontally along the beam of light from thelamp.

The lens block carries, in proper relatively adjusted positions, thelens 14, the condenser lens IS, the heat glass I6, and the condenserlens 11.

A mask 18 is fixed in front of lens 11 in the usual position occupied bysuch masks.

The front of casing H has a rectangular opening 19 therein, and theupper edge of this casing is engaged by the lower edge of the lamphouse. The casing H has inwardly extending sides 8| which overlie thepads 82, which are carefully machined to have the proper height tosupport the pressure plate or film gate 83.

The pressure plate 83 is described in detail in the aforesaid copendingapplication Serial Number 581,354, but in the instant application thisplate has an improved mounting. Here the plate made of glass or othertransparent material has its ends shaped to lie against the fiat sides8! of the casing 'H against which the plate is held by springs 84.

As best seen in Figure 4, the plate 83 of Figure 2 (not shown in Figure4) can be pushed downward behind the springs 84 until the lowerhorizontal edge of the ends of the plate rests on pads 82. As the plate83 has accurate dimensions on all four sides, it may be reversed; yet,

Y slightly, say .015" above the upper surface of the plate 42.

A mirror-objective lens unit comprising a cas- 'ing 88, a mirror 98, anda lens Si is mounted upon studs 81.

The casing 88 is provided with a flange 82 carrying three downwardlyprojecting hardened and ground pins 88, which engage the holes 84 in thestuds 81. The outline of this flange is shown about the studs 81 indotted lines in Figure 4.

This three-point mounting of the lens casing 88 permits same to bereadily removed from the turret head when it is desired to change themir- --ror 88 or lens 8| for any reason as the user can keep on handseveral units and interchange as desired, yet maintaining the highaccuracy of alignment necessary.

The mirror 98 is fixed in the casing 83 in such a manner as to reflectthe horizontal beam of light from the lamp 68 downward through the lens8 I.

The lens 8I is mounted in a tubular mount 85, which is in threadedengagement-with the interiorly threaded bore of the neck 96 of thecasing 89'.

The lens, once having been focused and adjusted in its tubular mount 85,the latter is mounted in the casing 88 and properly focused. The mount85 is then secured in such adjusted relation to the casing 88 by anysuitable means such as the set screw 88s, Figure 11, positioned in thewall of the neck 85- and engaging the lens mount 95 as shown. Thus thelens is in fixed position and does not require refocusing when the unit83 is removed and replaced on the turret.

The feeding means for moving the film 85 transverse the optical path ofthe reader includes the shaft 81L and 81R, rotatably mounted in suitablebearings in the turret plate; or, if preferred, these may be the shaftsof the driving motors 88L, 98R mounted on the under side of plate 42 insuitable anti-vibration supports, the supporting screw for one of thesebeing shown at 89, Figure 4. These are similar to the supports 'II6,more fully shown in Figure 5. The shafts 81R and 81L may have pins I08therein adapted to fit the usual slot (not shown) in the lower end ofthe tubular shaft of feeding rollers I8I having a suitable resilientouter driving surface engaging the film. The rollers are driven by theshafts withwhich they are associated and are held in place thereon bythe knobs, such as I82, Figure 2, in threaded engagement with the upperends I83 of the shafts.

The shafts 81L and 81R. are perpendicular to the surface of the plate 42and parallel, but spaced apart from the axis of the lens 8| in such amanner that the film B5 fed by the rotation of these shafts will be heldfirmly against the outer surface of the pressure plate 83, making whatis a substantially vertical line contact, the width of which will depend'upon the curvature of the 6 plate 83. Thus the film is positioned inthe path of the lens for projection.

Immediately in front of the feeding rollers I8! is positioned the filmtensioning devices comprising the yoke arms I84L, I84R having shafts I85supported in suitable hearings in plate 42. These shafts each have anextension at the bottom, as best' seen in Figure 8, from which a shortlever I86 extends horizontally.

A spring I81 has one end hooked over a pin in I86 and the otherend'secured to a post I88 extending downward from the plate 42. A knobI89 may be mounted on the upper end of the pin or bolt and may be usedto rotate the entire turret on the casing III.

The horizontally extending arms of the yokes I84L, I84R are drilled asshown at II8 to receive the shafts I I I, which support the rollers I I2having a suitable resilient outer driving surface eneasing the film.

'The rollers I I2 fit between the heads or flanges II3 of the feedingrollers I8I, so that the film 85 is gripped and held between theresilient surfaces of rollers IN and H2, gripping pressure being appliedby the yokes I84L, [84R carrying rollers I I2 as previously described.The yokes and their associated rollers I I2 are drawn toward the rollersI8I by the action of springs I8'I so that the film is gripped with ayielding pressure which can be predetermined by the characteristics ofthe springs I8'i.

Reeling means is associated with the feeding means for the film as justdescribed. This reeling means winds up the film 83 when it is moved ineither direction,- right or left. Normally the left hand reel unreelsthe film and the right hand reel rolls it up, but obviously the film canbe traversed in the opposite direction.

Shafts II4L. II4R are rotatably mounted in suitable bearings in theturret plate 42;. or, if preferred, these may be the shafts of thedriving motors II5L, II5R mounted on the underside of plate 42 insuitable anti-vibration supports H8 held to the plate 42 by screws 6a.

The shafts I L, I I4R may have pins I I1 therein adapted to fit theusual slot H8 in the heads H8 of the reels generally indicated by thenumerals I28, I2I, so that when the shafts are revolved, they rotate thereels supported thereon.

The circuit terminals of the four motors and lamp previously describedare each equipped with a flexible connecting cord. One of such cords isshown at I22, Figure 2, and these ten conductors connect to the upperrow of terminals on rack 51, as shown in Figure 13, so that the turrethead can be fully wired and tested without having any loose wiresextending therefrom or the necessity of making temporary separateconnections directly to the motor and lamp terminals, and withoutmounting the turret on any particular cabinet. This facilitatesmanufacture and testing as the head forms a complete manufacturing unitseparate from the cabinet, mirrors and controls, having the quickdetachable circuit connections at the rack 51, which are easily maskedand towhich snap connections for testing can easily be made.

I to make photographic prints on sensitized paper I25 positioned at saidopening as described in connection with the copending application SerialNumber 780,924 beiore'mentioned. The paper pad 7 as described in thecopending application Serial Number 613,648, filed on August 30, 1945may be used in the improved reader herein described, and the mirrors 21,3I can be adjusted to give the best results when using screen I2 orpaper I25.

When the mirror 3I is in the position shown in solid lines, Figure 3,the image is projected to paper I25, and the mirror 21 is not used. Whenthe mirror 3I is moved to the position shown in dotted lines, the imageis projected to screen I2 and both mirrors 2?, 3I are used.

The indexing attachment or footage indicator for the reader justdescribed will now be seen in Figures and 11. This may be termed anoptical film index, as it enables any image on the film to be located byoptical means.

Referring to Figure 10, one of the feeding shafts, such as 97L. isconnected via suitable gearing I26, I21, I28, flexible shaft I29 andbevel gears I30, I3I with a quick-detachable coupling I32, I33, to drivea shaft I34 having a worm I35.

The worm I35 engages a worm ring gear I36 secured to a hollow hub I31 inwhich is supported a reticule I38 having a fine solid line I39 forming apointer engraved thereon. The glass reticule can be omitted and thepointer I39 can be attached to gear I36 to rotate therewith, if desired.

The reticule I38 and gear I36 are mounted to rotate in a bearingaperture in plate I39, forming part of the pressure plate unit andhaving the pressure plate 83 for supporting film 85, as previouslydescribed.

The indexin attachment is positioned in the optical path I40 of thereader by placing the unit behind springs 84 in front of the lamp house6I, as previously described. This is simplified by employing thecoupling I32, I33, which operates in a manner that is obvious to permitthe unit to be instantly attached to the gearing I3I. The ratio of thegearing just described is such that for every hundred feet of film movedacross the optical path I40 of the reader, gear I36 will make onecomplete revolution and consequently the image of pointer I39 projectedto screen I2 will make one revolution about the screen. The pointer I39it will be observed is immediately behind the curved pressure plate 83which brings it approximatel in focus on the screen.

The screen I2 may be marked around its edges,

as indicated at I4I, Figure 12, and, as film is traversed through thereader, the image I39a of the pointer I39 moved by the ring gear I36will move about the edge of the screen where the markings I4I occur andthereby indicate the number of feet of film traversed.

By indexing the film on the reels, such as I20, any desired image can bereadil located.

While the pointer I39 is shown as moved in timed relation to the feedingshaft 91L by motor 98L it will be observed that the pointer can beconnected to and moved by any other part of the reader, or even by someother source of power, as long as the pointer is moved so that the imageI39a thereof traverses the indicia I4I on screen I2 in some fixedrelation to the traversal of film across the optical path I40 of thereader.

The object of the mechanism shown in Figures 10 to 12, inclusive, is totranslate the linear movement of the film into a proportional movementof the projected image of the pointer. The pointer makes one completerevolution on screen I2 for each hundred feet of film moved past thelens.

The gearing arrangement shown and described in connection with Figures10, ii is merely illustrative, and obvious details are omitted. Thegearing I26, I21, I28, I30, I3I can be mounted below the plate 42 of theturret unit in any suitable manner, and said plate has an aperturethrough which the upper half I33 of the coupling can extend downward toengage the lower half I32 thereof.

Referring to the circuit diagram, Figure 13, as previously mentioned,the turret head has a terminal rack 5'! to which the lamp 65 and motors98R and L and I I5R and L are connected.

From rack 51, cable 5655 extends to the socket and to the lower frontportion I! of the cabinet. Here, the conductors in the cable can beconnected directly to the terminals of switches I8, I9, 20, 2I, 22a andresistors 22, 23, or these or any other devices located in the cabinetcan first be connected to the terminal rack 38 and the conductors incable connected to the rack.

By the latter method, all the switches, etc., in the cabinet areconnected to rack 38 and this equipment may be tested as a unit, then,the cable 55, 56 merely connects the two racks 38, 51 and the powersocket 50. This simplifies connecting and testing.

In order to simplify the drawing, the rack terminals for the switchesand resistors are not shown. It will be understood, however, that allapparatus in the turret head is connected to rack 59, and all apparatusin the cabinet to rack 38, if such racks are used as described. Thepush-button switches I8, I9 may be connected to the control cable 59 forremoval from the cabinet, as previously mentioned, and the terminals 38for this cable are shown in the circuit diagram.

The apparatus being constructed, assembled and wired up as above, theoperation of same will be observed from the following.

Referring to Figure 9, the full reel of film containing film is usuallyplaced on the left hand spindle II4L. Usually, the upper head on thisreel is omitted, so that the amount of film on the reel can be observedat all times.

The film 85 is threaded between rolle II2 carried by the yoke arm I04Land roller IOI carried by a left hand feeding shaft 91L. The film isthen carried from left to right across the face of the pressure plate83, cockwise around roller IN on the feeder shaft 91R, against which itis pressed by roller II2 in the yoke arm MR, and the free end of thefilm is then wound up on the reel I2I carried on the reel shaft II4R.

The plug 52 connected to the power circuit 53,

54 is inserted into the socket 50 on the cabinet. The lamp switch 20 isclosed, thereby illuminating a lamp 65, and motor switch 2I is closed,thereby supplying the take-up motors II5L and II5R with current throughthe resistor 23. The resistor 23 is adjusted to supply the take-upmotors with sufficient current to properly tension the film 85 againstthe pressure plate 83 as the motor II5L tends to revolve anti-clockwiseand motor II5R tends to revolve clockwise. The motors being equallyenergized, they do not move the film at this stage of the operation.

It will be observed thatthe traverse motors 98L and SEE are alsoconnected to one side of the power circuit via switch 2I and resistor23, and if now, for example, the left hand push-button I8 is depressed,the circuit through take-up motor II5L will be broken and the circuitthrough traverse motor 98R will be completed, while the circuit throughthe take-up motor II5R remains energized. Accordingly, take-up motor 983be- 9 gins to move the film 85 to the right (Figure 9), the film beinggripped between rollers IOI and H2 while the reel I2! is revolvedclockwise,

l traverse motors ML and NR. constitute a feeding means adapted to movefilm in the optical path of a lens and that the take-up motors IIELthereby winding up the film fed to the right.

This causes the image projected to the screen I2 to traverse the screento the left, which is in the direction of the left push-button I8, whichis depressed. V,

The operator scans the moving images and when the proper one is reached,merely releases the push button I8, whereby both take-up motors IIBL andR being energized, the

motion of the film is promptly stopped, and the desired frame" or imageon screen I2 can be observed, as long as desired.

If the right hand push-button I9 is depressed, the operation justdescribed is reversed, that is to say, the take-up motor II5R. isde-energized, the left hand traverse motor 98L is energized, the film iswound to the left and between rollers "II and H2 on shafts 91L and IML,respectively, and is wound on reel I20 on shaft IIlL,

which is rotated by the left hand take-up motor II5L.

When the film moves to the left, as just described, the images on screenI2 will apparently move to the right in the direction of the right handbutton I9 being pressed.

During the normal operation of the film feeding and reeling operationsas just described, the resistor 23 is set to permit the images flowingon the screen I2 to be quickly observed. That is to say, the linear rateof travel of the film is fairly rapid.

However, in many instances it is desired to have the images traverse thescreen at a much slower speed than that attained during the normaloperation just described. Such slow speed operation is often desirablein connection with editing the films in which changes, such as a re-takeof the original copy, are necessary, and in order to provide for thiscondition traverse switch 22a may be thrown to the right or left,thereby introducing a resistor 22 in series with either the right orleft traverse motor, depending on the direction in which the traverseswitch 22a is thrown.

Assuming for the sake of illustration that the traverse switch 22a isthrown to the left, it will be seen that the additional resistanceafforded by the resistor 22 is now placed in series with the lefttraverse motor 98L. This motor 98L being energized, will move the film85 to the left, as previously described, and while both the take-upmotors II5L and ER are energized, take-up motor I I5L, which isassociated with the traverse motor 98L, will be free to wind up film onits associated reel, because the film so wound is moved\to the left bythe traverse motor 98L, as previously described.

Throwing the traverse switch 22a to the right merely reverses theoperation just described, in that traverse motor 98R will be energizedand the film fed thereby will be wound up on the reel mounted on theshaft of take-up motor II5R.

It will be noted from the foregoing that when the traverse switch 22a isused, the push-buttons l8 and I9 are not employed, but that the imageswill slowly move across the screen I2 from right to left, depending onthe position of the traverse switch 22a, and that by adjusting theresistor 22, the speed at which the images move may be adjusted withindesired limits.

It will be observed from the foregoing that the and IISR, respectively,constitute reeling means adapted to receive and wind film moved by thefeeding means and it will be observed that by the use of the-two take-upmotors herein described, that a proper tension is maintained on the fllmat all times during the reeling and winding operations, withoutsubjecting the film to any undue strain, and that the take-up motorsoperate to wind up fllm supplied by the travverse motors withoutpermitting any, slack or bight to accumulate between the feed rollersIIII, H2 and the reels I20, I2I, and that such slack is eliminated whenthe reader is started, stopped and reversed, and no sudden jerks aretransmitted to the film to damage the same.

By means of the knob I09 the turret may be readily revolved in order tobring images on the film right side up on the screen I2. It will benoted that the axis of the turret coincides with the axis of the lens,so that if an image appears on the screen-for example, the image of aletterhead with the top lying along the left hand side of the screen, byrevolving the turret in a manner that will be obvious, the top of theimage can be brought to the top of the screen.

Any suitable means, such as a stop pin (not shown) may be placed in theturret to engage another pin on the frame to prevent the turret frombeing turned more than one hundred and eighty degrees, which willprevent winding the cable connecting the turret and the cabinet.

Employing feeding rollers IllI, one of which is connected to one motorand the other of which is connected to another motor, we are able todrive the film at a constant rate and due to this arrangement, we areable to maintain the film firmly in contact with the curved glasspressure plate and thus are able to get a clear, sharp image projectedon the screen, due to the fact that the depth of focus of the objectivelens is sufficient to compensate for the slight curvature of the glasspressure plate. The pressure rollers II2 firmly hold the film inengagement with the feeding rollers I0 I, due to the fact that theroller IOI which is advancing the film is driven by its own individualmotor and the motor associated with the other feeding roller has itsindividual motor, which acts as a brake. When one of the feeding rollersis driving the film, the other is braking it. Now, in order to take upthe used film from the array of feeding and pressure rollers, we have aseparate motor on the take-up reel and another motor on the supply reel.When the take-up reel is driven to take up the film delivered by thearray, the motor on the supply reel acts as a brake, with the resultthat the film is gently fed to the array.

By the above arrangement, any tendency to form lines in the projectedimages due to vibration, the alternations in the current supply to themotors, etc., in any other method, is eliminated in our arrangement,because of the fact that the array of feeding and pressure rollersappear at what would otherwise be nodal points in the film. therebyeliminating any tendency for such vibration to effect the projectedimage.

It will also be observed from the foregoing description that the machineis exceedingly easy to operate and that as the images traverse thescreen in the direction of whichever push-button I8 or I9 is pressed,the operation of the ll machine is natural and automatic on the part ofthe operator.

It will also be seen that there are no complicated mechanical partsmounted upon or below the turret plate 42 in order to drive the film ineither direction and to wind the same.

In respect to the operation of the indexing device shown in Figures to12, inclusive, it is believed that the operation of the same will beclear from the foregoing description of the construction of thisattachment, for the operation of the reader as just described is nodifferent when the said indexing attachment is used.

What is claimed is:

1. In a device having a lens, a film support, feeding means to move afilm in the optical path of said lens having a roller engaging said filmto press same into engagement with said support while said film is inmotion and being projected, a motor connected to said roller to drivesame, reeling means to receive and wind film moved by said feedingmeans, a motor connected to said reeling means, and a circuit having asource of current for simultaneously operating said motors to feed andwind said film.

2. In a device having a lens, film feeders adiacent said lens andadapted to move film transverse the axis thereof, feeding motorsconnected to said feeders, reeling devices associated with each of saidfeeders and adapted to receive film fed thereto by said feeders, reelingmotors connected to said reeling devices. a circuit including a sourceof current for supplying current to all said motors, and switching meansin said circuit for simultaneously energizing one of said feeding motorsand de-energizing one of said reeling motors.

3. The device as claimed in claim 2 including a support on which saidlens, feeders and reeling devices are mounted in cooperativerelationship.

4. The device as claimed in claim 2 including a cabinet and a screenforming a wall thereof and wherein a revolvable support is mounted onsaid cabinet and carries said lens, feeders and reeling devices. 5. Thedevice as claimed in claim 2 including a cabinet'and a screen forming awall thereof and wherein a revolvable support is mounted on said cabinetand carries said lens, feeders and reeling devices, and a lamp forilluminating film fed past said lens by said feeders whereby images onthe film may be projected via said lens to said screen.

6. In a device having a lens, a film feeder positioned at each side ofthe optical axis of said lens and adapted to move a film transverse saidaxis,

feeding motors connected to said feeders to drive same in eitherdirection, reeling means for each of said feeders adapted to receive andwind film moved by said feeders, reeling motors connected to each ofsaid reeling means, a circuit including a source of current forenergizing said motors, and switching means in said circuit forsimultaneously energizing one of said feeding motors and de-energizingone of said reeling motors.

'7. In combination, a rotatable turret plate, a lens mounted on saidplate and having its optical axis perpendicular to the plane thereof, alamp carried by said plate, means for directing a beam of light fromsaid lamp into said lens, a, film sup-- port in the optical path of saidlens, film feeding means mounted on said plate for feeding film acrossthe optical path of said lens while the film is spaced therefrom by saidsupport, means comprising motors having a fixed direction of rotationcarried by said plate for operating said film feeding means in eitherdirection to move said film in opposite directions across the opticalpath of said lens, a circuit including a, source of current forenergizing said motors. and switching means in said circuit forconnecting either of said motors thereto to be operated thereby.

8. In combination, a rotatable turret plate. a lens mounted on saidplate and having its optical axis perpendicular to the plane thereof, a

lamp carried by said plate, means for directing a beam of light fromsaid lamp into said lens, a film support in the optical path of saidlens, film feeding means for feeding film transverse the optical path ofsaid lens while the film is spaced apart therefrom by said support,motor means carried by said plate for operating said feeding means, filmreels carried on said plate and adapted to wind film received from saidfeedins means, and motor means carried by said plate for operating saidreels.

9. In combination, a rotatable turret plate, a lens mounted on saidplate, film feeders having rotatable shafts extending through saidplate, motors supported on the underside of said plate and connected tosaid shafts to drive the same, reeling devices for each of said feedersmounted on the upper side of said plate and having rotatable shaftsextending therethrough, and motors supported on the underside of saidplate and connected to said last shafts to drive the same, whereby filmmoved past said lens by said feeders may be wound off one of saidreeling devices and on to the other of said devices.

10. The combination as claimed in claim 9 wherein a tensioning meansmounted on the upper side of said turret plate is positioned to engage afilm between each of said film feeders and its associated reelingdevice.

11. In combination, a cabinet, a turret plate revolvably mountedthereon, a lens carried by said plate, film feeders carried by saidplate including rotatable shafts and adapted to move film transverse theaxis of said lens, feeding motors carried by said plate and connected tosaid shafts, reeling devices including rotatable shafts carried by saidplate and adapted to reel film delivered to said devices by saidfeeders, reeling motors carried by said plate and connected to theshafts of said reeling devices, a circuit including a source of currentfor supplying current to all said motors. and switching means in saidcircuit for simultaneously energizing one of said feeding motors andde-energizing one of said reeling motors.

12. In a device of-the character described, a cabinet having an openingin its top wall. a circular track about said opening, a turret plateoverlying said opening and having downwardly depending bearing membersadapted to revolvably support said plate on said track, means locatedwithin said cabinet and underlying said track and extending downwardlyfrom said plate for holding said plate and track in engagement toprevent upward movement thereof while permitting said plate to revolveon said track, means for projecting an image carried on said plate, anda screen on a wall of said cabinet to which an image can be projected bysaid means.

13. In a device of the character described, a plate having an aperturetherein, means carried by said plate for projecting a beam of lightparallel to the face of said plate and perpendicular to the axis of saidaperture therein, said means including a lamp and a, condensing lens, aplurality of hollow studs in said plate adjacent said aperture andsuitably spaced thereabout to position a lens with its optical axisconcentric with the axis of said aperture, the upper faces of said studsprojecting above said plate and said faces being substantially parallelto the axis of said light beam, a mirror-lens unit comprising a flangedcasing having pins projecting downward from said flange and adapted tofit into said hollow studs to position said unit relative to theaperture in said plate and said light beam, an inclined mirror in saidunit adapted to deflect said beam of light downwardly through saidapertured plate, and a lens in said unit in the path of the emergentbeam from said mirror.

14. In a device of th character dtscribed, a support, a.lens on saidsupport, means carried by said support for feeding film across the optical path of said lens including individual motors spaced apart fromthe optical axis of said lens and having shafts parallel to said axis.means on said shafts for engaging a film to move same, and winding meanscarried by said support including individual motors spaced apart fromthe optical axis of said lens having shafts parallel to said axis, andmeans on said shafts or winding film moved by said feeding means.

15. The combination as claimed in claim 14, wherein said support isrevolvable and said lens is positioned thereon withits axis at the axisof the support.

16. The combination as claimed in claim 14, wherein said support carriesmeans for projecting images from a film to be fed and wound by saidfeeding and winding means.

1'7. The combination as claimed in claim 14, wherein said supportcarries means for projecting images from a film to be fed and wound bysaid feeding and winding means and said support is mounted on a cabinethaving ascreen adapted to receive images projected by said projectingmeans.

18. In a device of the character described, film feeding means includinga pair of motors adapted when energized to tension 9. film extendingbetween them, circuits including said motors and a source of current,film winding means including a pair of motors adapted when energized towind film in opposite directions, said motors being connected to saidsource of current, and means for conjointly controlling said motorswhereby one of each pair thereof may be simultaneously operated to feedand wind film.

19. The combination as claimed in claim 18, including a variableresistance connected to said feeding motors whereby the torque of samemay be varied.

20. The combination as claimed in claim 18, including a variableresistance connected to all said motors whereby the torque of same maybe varied.

21. The combination as claimed in claim 18, including a variableresistance connected to all said motors whereby the torque of same maybe varied, and a second variable resistance and switching means thereforwhereby same may be connected to either of said feeding motors tofurther vary the torque thereof.

22. In a device of the class described, film feeding means including apair of motors connected in opposition and adapted to tension 9. filmextending therebetween, film winding means including a pair of motorsadapted to wind film delivered by said feeding means, circuitsconnecting all said motors to a source of power, and control means insaid circuits whereby either of said feeding motors may be energizedwhile both said winding motors are energized to permit film to be fed bythe energized feeding motor and tensioned by one of said winding motors.

23. The combination as claimed in claim 22, including a resistance andswitching means therefor whereby same may be connected to either of saidfeeding motors to vary the torque thereof.

VERNEUR E. PRATT. GEORGE F. GRAY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent: UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,889,575 SebilleNov. 29, 1932 2,037,705 Chapman Apr. 21, 1936 2,076,853 McClure Apr. 13,1937 2,177,638 Draeger Oct. 31, 1939 2,201,376 Prins May 21, 19402,231,765 Landrock Feb. 11, 1941 2,255,771 Golay Sept. 16, 19412,279,463 Hopkins Apr. 14, 1942 2,316,780 Foster et a1 'Apr. 20, 19432,332,810 Place Oct. 26, 1943 2,404,189 Place July 16, 1946

